1)  The sociologist who introduced the concept of ‘Anomie’:

A) Max Weber

B) Herbert Spencer

C) Wright Mills

D) Emile Durkhem

Emile Durkheim coined anomie to describe a state of normlessness—when social norms break down (e.g., during rapid social change), leading to alienation and higher rates of deviance/suicide.

Max Weber focused on verstehen, bureaucracy, and the Protestant ethic; not anomie.

Herbert Spencer advanced social Darwinism and the organismic analogy.

Wright Mills is known for the sociological imagination and power elite.

Ans)  D) Emile Durkheim


2)  Match the following:

List I                                      List II

a. Foundational stage           KCF

b. Preparatory stage             NCF

c. 26 focus areas                   8 to 11 years

d. 25 focus areas                   3 to 8 years


A) a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2

B) a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1

C) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4

D) a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1

Foundational stage → 4. 3 to 8 years

According to the NEP (National Education Policy) 2020, the Foundational stage covers ages 3 to 8 years (including pre-primary and grades 1–2).

 Preparatory stage → 3. 8 to 11 years

The Preparatory stage corresponds to ages 8 to 11 years (grades 3–5).

26 focus areas → 2. NCF

The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) identified 26 focus areas for educational improvement and development.

 25 focus areas → 1. KCF

The Kerala Curriculum Framework (KCF) focuses on 25 key areas for education in Kerala.

Ans)  B) a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1