1)   Which of the following strategy is not based on social constructivist approach?

A) Guided learning

B) Reflective learning

C) Cooperative learning

D) Collaborative learning

Social constructivism (Vygotsky) emphasizes that learning is socially mediated—knowledge is co-constructed through interaction, dialogue, and scaffolding within the ZPD.

Cooperative and collaborative learning are core social-constructivist strategies (peer interaction, shared tasks).

Guided learning involves teacher scaffolding—also socially mediated.

Reflective learning is primarily intrapersonal/metacognitive (self-reflection, journals) and does not require social interaction; it’s constructivist but not inherently social. 

Ans)  B) Reflective learning


2)  Match the following:

List I                                       List II

a. ANOVA                               1. Urkund

b. Plagiarism                         2. Experimental design

c. Qualitative research          3. Statistics

d. Dependent Variable          4. Grounded theory


A) a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2

B) a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2

C) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3

D) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1

 ANOVA → 3. Statistics

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is a statistical technique used to compare means among different groups.

 Plagiarism → 1. Urkund

Urkund is a plagiarism detection software used in Indian higher education institutions to check academic integrity.

 Qualitative research → 4. Grounded theory

Grounded Theory is a methodology used in qualitative research to develop theories based on data collected.

Dependent Variable → 2. Experimental design

In experimental research, the dependent variable is the outcome that is measured after manipulation of the independent variable — part of experimental design.

 Ans) B) a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2