Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Based on molecular evidence, we know life evolved from one common ancestor around three billion years ego. From then, evolution progressed, slowly to begin within the last billion years, we see very rapid diversification  of life forms on Earth as multiple components  clicked into place, including multicellularity or  multiple cells coming together to form one  organism, etc. Against this backdrop, we find all insects share a relationship with each other they have a certain body plan, cellular functions, genetically encoded features (many have six legs, for instance) and the information of how these features are formed encoded in their genome. Butterflies share many evolutionary features with insects. Butterflies are also specialized moths, the two separating from their sister group of insects 150 to 200 million years ago. Thereafter, themselves evolved significantly moths before butterflies emerged as a separate group about 85 million years ago, around when dinosaurs went dinosaurs went extinct. All the characteristics butterflies have-including much more acute vision compared to moths who rely more on smell-grew thereon. Visual cues are extremely important for butterflies which explains why many are so attractive. Their appealing colours evolved to help them either important for butterflies which explains why many are so attractive. Their appealing colours evolved to help them either evade predators or attract mates, dark colours developing to help butterflies maintain body temperature, being cold-blooded. Some species developed fascinating traits. Aposematism is a combination of two features- one is a defence against predators, like a chemical cover, some butterflies being toxic to birds, spiders, etc. These caterpillars feed on toxic plant which are difficult, if not deadly, for predators to digest. Being protected thus is an internal property- but butterflies with toxins then developed bright wing patterns to show predators they are dangerous, signaling the risk they bear.


1. Given below are two statements: 

Statement (I): Butterflies are specialized moths.  

Statement (II): Butterflies emerged as a  separate group about the time when dinosaurs went extinct.  

In light of the above statements, choose the  most appropriate answer from the options  given below.  

(a) Both statement (I) and statement (II) are true  

(b) Both statement (I) and statement (II) are false  

(c) Statement (I) is true but statement (II) is false  

(d) Statement (I) is false but statement (II) is true


2. Butterflies and insects separated  

(a) 1 million years ago  

(b) 85 million years ago  

(c) 150-200 million years ago  

(d) 3 billion, years ago


3. Compared to moths, butterflies  

A. Have better vision  

B. Rely more on smelling power  

C. Are less attractive  

D. Are more colorful

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:  

(a) (A) and (C) only  

(b) (B), (C) and (D) only   

(c) (A) and (D) only  

(d) (A), (C) and (D) only


4. Aposematism is a combination of  

A. Defence against predators by emitting a bad  smell.  

B. Bright wing patterns for camouflage.  

C. Defence against predators by butterflies with  toxins.  

D. Bright wing patterns to show predators they  are dangerous. 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:  

(a) (A) and (D) only 

(b) (B) and (C) only  

(c) (C) and (D) only 

(d) (D) only


5. Appealing colours of butterflies serve all these  purposes:  

A. Repel mates  

B. Evade predators  

C. maintain body temperature  

D. Attract predators.  

E. Attract mates  

Choose the correct answer from the options  given below:  

(a) (A), (B) and only  

(b) (A), (B), (C) and (D) only  

(c) (B), (C), (D) and (E)  

(d) (B), (C) and (E) only


ANSWERS

1. a

2. c

3. c

4. c

5. d