Communicating research findings
ICT
can also used for it many of the journal and magazine are available in
electronic form which is easy to share.
Thesis can also be uploaded online
on the designated portal.
“shod
Ganga” is one of such platform.
-
It is mandatory for research fellows to upload
their thesis online on shod ganga.
Government initiatives for
integrating ICT with research
1)
Shod ganga
2)
E-shod sindhu
3)
Information & library network (inflibnet)
4)
N-list
5)
Schachter avishkar yodana (VAY)
6)
Impacting research innovation & technology
(IMPRINT)
7)
Global initiative of academic network (GIAN)
Research Ethics
Research
ethics are those moral principle that govern the research process or the
behaviour of researcher.
Ethics
for good research.
Research
Ethics have a significant effect on the credibility objectivity integrity etc
of research
violation
of any of these can create issues in application of the result to address real
life problem.
The
following point should be considered while pursuing research
Researchers
should interpret data with honesty so the result concluded are the real result
Open:
researcher should be open to 1criticism, 2new ideas, 3feel free to share
research findings resources etc
Objectivity:
researcher should try to maintain the objectivity of the research. In they
should keep research from their personal bias
They
should examine the work carefully for free from errors
Prior
approval: the researcher should take prior approval. Of respondent before
collecting data
For this researcher should able to
convince them the relevant of study
-Respondent
should be aware about what study B to be conducted
What
data is to be collected
How
it will be used how they will benefit
form this study
They
should be willing to share it with out any compulsion or pressure
The
same article should not be send for publication to more than one publisher
authenticity should be maintained
There
should be no duplicative publication
Care
must be taken so that no harm is caused to any one during research / especially
while performing experiment
The
researcher should have respect for intellectual property rights
All
the sources referred to should be cited properly
The
researcher can also provide small gifts to respondent after data collection
Choices
must be their and Should not be forced
Legality
of process must be maintained
Other
ethics are 1researcher should be non do criminatory 2 should have respect for
students
Colleagues
and other involved in search
What
should not be done
1
Lubrication 2 falsification 3 plagiarism etc. should be avoided in research. As
there are considered to be violation of research ethics
There
are also known as the three cardinal sins of research misconduct
Fabrication
Suppose
a researcher needed to collect data from 100 respondent. But due to some
reasons. He has been able to collect data only from 90. If he complete the
remaining to data set his own then il will be known as fabrication.
If
is ethically wrong as data which does not exist in reality and created
artificially by the researcher
So
the interpretation based on this data will not be accurate is data was not
accurate.
Falsification
Means
manipulating the data or the research process to show result which cannot be
claimed other wise on the basis of available data
Suppose
the data shows there is no association between times penton video game &
performance in a test
But
if the researcher manipulate the data to prove his point that there are related
then this will be a case of
falsification
This
is also ethically wrong As he is claiming results which do not exist in reality
Plagiarism
People
use another’s work while claiming it to be their own this case is plagiarism
There
are many software and websites are available to clear plagiarism
Copying
your own work from one research to another also amount to plagiarism. Then it
should be also mentioned on reference
Mis
use of funnels
Mis use of confidential information
Researcher should not reveal the identity of respondent.
It is ethically wrong to harm anyone while conducting research or performing
experiment
not only human but
animal also.
Researcher
should be free. From subjectivity of researches that is from personal biases/
values/ norms/ moral opinion of researcher
All
there effect objectivity & applicability
to some real-life problems.
Other
important terms and culture
Action
research:- in 1940 Kurt Lewin
If
refers to the use of evaluative investigation and analytical research.
Methods for developing remedial solution for weakness and problems in
organisation institution
The
sleeps of action research involve identification of 1 problem 2 data collection
3 data analysing 4 interpretation 5 development of plan 6 implementation of
plan 7 evaluation of result
If
the result are satisfying then problem has been solved or situation has
improved
But
if the problem is not yet solved then process will be repeated and an
alternative action recommended need for testing
Correlation
research
It
is conducted to establish the relation between 2/more variable
Correlation
mean 2 event or variable = related
If
doesn’t mean one is cause of another
Eg: research: number of lecture
attended and mark obtained
Explanatory
research
It
is also known as causal research and is similar to descriptive research
If
provide explanation of a problem / situation or a happening for eq: study
conducted to know the reason for
deterioration of quality of education.
Ex-post
facto research
It
is a type of quasi experiment research and a substitute for true experiment
research
it
is used to study the association between variable when the researcher has no
control over the independent variable
relationship
is explained without manipulating the variable
situation
is explained offer it has occurred
survey
are commonly used to collect data for such studies
it
is in social sciences to study human behaviour as it cannot be controlled
eg:
study conducted to know the impact of discipline and regularity inculcated in
student in early schooling year on sincerely in them in later life
import factor
it
is measured of quality of journal
journal’s
with higher impact factor are multi sought offer
it
is based on the number of times the articles of a journal have been cited
it was developed by Eugene Garfield similarly @-index @-index are used by author’s
Onetime longitudinal research
Onetime research is different from longitudinal.
research as the primer deals with studies conducted in single period of time
and the latter involves observation. Over a period of time while in the case of
longitudinal research. the same set of sample study over a period of time. Such
studies focus more on analysing the
trend or behaviour changes over a period
Eg:- study conducted to know about cholesterol level of Walkers & non Walkers can be one time research. And if the same
sample studies over a period of time. That is how the daily routine of
Walkering and exercise and eating habit
effect the cholesterol level then it will be longitudinal research; as the
researcher will be keeping research of their daily routine over a period of
time
Time series / cross
– sectional / panel data
Time series data:- data of a dingle variable. Over a
period of time
cross –
sectional data:- data of single time for different variable
panel data:-
combination of time series and cross series data that is data of
different variable over different period of time
eg: data : production of wheat in India 1960-2018 will be
time series data. Over a period of time
data on production of wheat (rice / pulses in different stats of India from 1960-2018 will be panel data as it in Volver. Different variable over a period of time.
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