1)   Immediate feedback should be given as part of assessment of student performance. This substantiates the role of Law of ----.

A) Association

B) Readiness

C) Exercise

D) Effect

Immediate feedback in the assessment of student performance is most directly associated with Thorndike's Law of Effect. According to this law, behaviors that produce satisfying outcomes (such as positive feedback or rewards) are more likely to be repeated, whereas those followed by discomforting consequences are less likely to occur. In the context of student learning, providing timely feedback reinforces desired behaviors (like correct answers and active engagement), encourages improvement, and increases the likelihood that students will continue those behaviors. While the Law of Exercise and Law of Readiness also influence learning, it is the Law of Effect that specifically addresses the importance of feedback and consequences in shaping future actions.

 Ans)   D) Effect


2)    A child has been admitted to your school who belongs to a backward family/ background from the cultural viewpoint. You will:

A) Provide vocational training only, which is appropriate to the student's cultural viewpoint

B) Keep him/her in a class in which, there are many more students of backward background from the cultural viewpoint

C) Implement special and separate teaching methods based on his/her cultural viewpoint

D) Keep him/her in a normal class but will make special arrangements for teaching him/her, keeping his special needs in view

Inclusive education emphasizes that children from diverse and disadvantaged backgrounds should be included in regular classrooms, ensuring equal access, participation, and dignity for all learners. The ideal practice is to keep the student in a normal class while making individualized or special arrangements to address specific cultural or learning needs, rather than segregating, labeling, or reducing educational opportunities. This approach does not compromise educational standards but provides additional support to promote equity and integration, aligning with inclusive and child-centered pedagogical principles. 

 Ans)   D) Keep him/her in a normal class but will make special arrangements for teaching him/her, keeping his special needs in view