1)   A person’s own evaluation based on self-reflection and social comparison is known as:

A) Self–confidence

B) Self-Awareness

C) Self-Esteem

D) Self-Actualization

Self-esteem is the evaluative judgment we make about our own worth (“How good/valuable am I?”). It develops through self-reflection and social comparison (comparing ourselves with others).

Self-awareness (B) is simply knowing one’s traits, feelings, and behaviors—not evaluating them.

Self-confidence (A) is belief in one’s abilities in specific domains; it’s narrower than overall self-worth.

Self-actualization (D) is Maslow’s highest need—realizing one’s fullest potential—not an evaluative self-judgment.

Ans)  C) Self-Esteem


2)   Select the correct statement/s related to ‘Concepts’

Concepts are always picture like representations

Concepts are always symbolic notational systems

Concepts are generalized ideas of a class of objects or events

Concepts are stored in memory always with the help of codes and tags.

A) 1, 3 & 4 only

B) 3 only

C) 2, 3 & 4 only

D) 2 & 4 only

False. Concepts aren’t always picture-like; they can be verbal/abstract prototypes or rule-based categories.

 False. Calling concepts “symbolic notational systems” confuses them with languages or formal symbol systems; concepts are mental categories, not necessarily notation.

True. A standard definition: concepts are generalized ideas representing a class/category of objects, events, or relations.

False. Memory may use semantic networks, features, and retrieval cues, but saying concepts are always stored with specific “codes and tags” is to

Ans)   B) 3 only