Read the passage and answer the following questions 

There is an new movement called libertarian paternalism which is not attractive. Both words are characterised by stereotypes from popular culture and politics that make them unappealing to many. Even worse, the concepts seem to be contradictory. If the terms are properly understood, both concepts reflect common sense. They are far more attractive together than alone. According to the libertarian strategy, pepole should be free to do what they like. It is also to opt out of undesirable arrangements, f they want to do so. The libertarian paternalists urge that people should be free to choose. Polices are designed to maintain or increase freedom of choice. The paternalistic aspect lies in the claim that it is legitimate for choice architects to try to influence people's behaviour. It is to make people's lives longer, healthier and better. Institutions in private sector and also the government should make conscious efforts to steer people's choices to improve their lives. A policy is paternalistic, if it tries to influence choices that make choosers better off, as judged by people themselves. It is a fact that individuals make often pretty bad decisions. These would not have been made, had they paid full attention and possessed complete

they paid full attention and possessed complete information, unlimited cognitive abilities and complete self-control. Libertarian paternalism, however, is a relatively weak, soft and non-intrusive type of paternalism, because it does not force people from taking bad decisions.


1. The focus of the passage is on

(a) The opposition to libertarian paternalism

(b) The unlimited cognitive abilities of individuals

(c) The freedom of choices for a better society

(d) The need to ignore the defects of libertarian paternalism


2. The libertarian paternalists seek policies aimed to

(a) Change the people's preferences

(b) Preserve the people's liverty of choice

(c) Burden the people with choices

(d) Make the people's choices legitimate.


3. The libertarian strategy insists that people should opt for

(a) Freedom of choice

(b) Paternalistic support

(c) Even undesirable arrangements

(d) Modification of their freedom


4. The movement of libertarian paternalism is unattractive as it is a combination of:

(a) Common sense concepts

(b) Dogmatic concepts

(c) Contradictory concepts

(d) Popular culture and politics


5. The government and private institutions should make efforts to

(a) Prevent people from taking bad decisions

(b) Allow people to go their own way

(c) Make people judge themselves

(d) Steer people's choices for improving their lives


ANSWERS

1 - c

2 - b

3 - a

4 - c

5 - d