Read the Passage and answer the following questions 

The mechanism of commodification involves platforms transforming online and offline objects, activities, emotions and ideas into tradable commodities. These commodities are valued through four different types of currency: attention data, users and money. Commodification is intensified by mechanisms of datafication as the massive amount of user data is collected and processed by online platforms.

This provides insight into users interest, preferences and need at particular moments in time. It also ties into mechanisms of selection as these users are connected with personalized services and advertisements. Commodification includes, but does not equal, business models of singular platforms. Rather, the mechanism plays out in the multi-sided markets created through the platform ecosystem, which connects the infrastructural core with sectoral platforms.

Commodification mechanisms are simultaneously empowering and disempowering to users. The connector platforms allow individual users to market their personal assets or experiences online be it their apartments, ride, eyewitness report or video. They help commodity users activity, enabling users to become entrepreneurs in their own right. On the other hand, the same platform mechanisms of commodification involve the exploitation of cultural labour, labour of users and on-demand service workers. Furthermore, these mechanisms lead to a concentration of economic power in the hands of a few platform owners and operators who act as aggregators and gatekeeping mediators.


1. When ideas and emotions are converted into tradable commodities, it is a form of

(a) Transformational trade

(b) User preference

(c) Commodification

(d) Currency manipulation


2. When massive amounts of user data are processed by online platforms, it is known as

(a) Personalized service

(b) Selection mechanism

(c) Data ecosystem

(d) Datafication


3. The passage presents the different facets of

(a) Online empowerment

(b) Online business models

(c) Sectoral platforms

(d) Commodification of intangible assets


4. Commodification mechanism has its place in

(a) Traditional business models

(b) Multisided markets

(c) Online support systems

(d) Single commodity markets


5. Commodification mechanisms are

(a) All powerful

(b) Data producers

(c) Legacy institutions

(d) Paradoxical instruments to users



ANSWERS

1 - c

2 - d

3 - d

4 - b

5 - b & d