HSST Exam-2022 General Part-Sample Notes
ROLE OF PRESS IN RENAISSANCE
It is once again the Christian missionaries who started newspapers in Kerala in order to spread religious ideas and promote Christianity. It not only produced a great religious impact but also gave way to other major revolutions. The newspaper Rajyasamacharam, which was started by Dr. Herman Gundert of "Basel Mission" in Thalasseri was the first newspaper in India which gave way to other newspapers and ultimately led to the Renaissance in Kerala. Paschimodayam and Njananikshepam were also some of the early newspapers started in Kerala. Newspapers had a major role in the social renaissance of Kerala. But most of these newspapers got ceased and just became historical remains. This post will unearth those newspapers as it will be helpful for your PSC exam preparations. Satyananda Kahalam was the Malayalam newspaper published by Italian Carmelite Missionaries.
AWAKENING THROUGH LITERATURE
Dramas
It was the dramatist V. T.
Bhattathirippad who started the
tradition of creating dramas with deep
social significance. Through his dramas
he spread important progressive
messages on subjects like women’s
liberation, modern education etc. His
drama Adukkalayil Ninnu
Arangathekku was enormously helpful
in exposing the decay that had set in the
Namboothiri community and bringing
about radical changes.
M. P. Bhattathiripad’s
drama Rithumathi (1939),
MRB's Marakkudakkullile
Mahaanarakam, K.
Damodaran’s Pattabakki, and Edasseri
Govindan Nair’s Koottukrishi (Joint
Farming) were powerful dramas
capable of bringing about monumental
changes in the society. These are the
names of only a few plays in the long list
of such dramas.
The Heyday of Malaylam Drama
When the history of Malayalam drama
literature is analysed, it can be clearly
seen that the 1940s and 1950s have
witnessed the birth of dramas that were
structurally and creatively excellent.
Actually, such dramas had started
turning up by the end of the 1930s
itself. Calvaryile Kalpapadapam written
by Kainikkara Padmanabha Pillai is a
typical example.
Influence of western writing is quite
visible in the dramas of the 1940s.
WOMEN AND SOCIAL CHANGE
1.Parvathi Nenmenimangalam
She was a prominent figure in the social reform movement of women in Kerala. Parvathi Nenmenimangalam was the person behind the foundation of "Antharjana Samajam". She was born in 1911, Nadavarambathu Nalloor Illam in Iringalakkuda as a daughter or Vishnu Namboothiri and Saraswathi Antharjanam. She got married to Brahmin named Vasudevan Namboothiri of Chettupuzhayil Nenmenimangalam Illam and hence she is known as Parvathi Nenmenimangalam. Antharjana Samajam was founded in their house. She was recommended by the government as a representative of "Antharjanam" to discuss Namboothiri bill in Kochi legislative assembly. She was also responsible for the first widow remarriage in Namboothiri caste. The first Namboothiri widow remarriage was on 13th September 1934 between M R Bhattathirippad and Uma Antharjanam. The marriage was arranged in the house of V T Bhattathirippad known as "Rasikasadanam".
LEADERS OF RENAISSANCE
1-Thycaud Ayya Swamikal (Orginal Name- Subharayan)
Also known as
- Ayya Swamikal, Sivarajayogi, Superintendent Ayya
He is known as
Great Guru of Guru
He is known as "Hadayogopadheshta"
He is known as The great teacher of Sivarajayoga
Born in -
1814
Died on - 20 July 1909
Born at -
Nakalapuram (Tamilnadu)
Father's Name
- Muthukumaran
Mother's Name
- Rukmini Ammal
Spouse Name - Kammalammal
He was the first social reformer in kerala
The first social reformer Thycaud Ayya introduced
panthibhojan (inter- dinning)
The famous slogan of Ayya
Intha Ulakathile Orae Oru Jathi than, orae aur
Matham than, ore oru kadavul than
Give the two Saint's who gave spiritual learning
to Thycaud Ayya
Sachidananda Maharaj and Chitti Paradeshi
2- Sree Narayana Guru -
"Father of Kerala Renaissance":
Childhood name – Nanu & Narayanan
Also known as Nanu Assan
Born on 20th August 1856
Death – 20th
House -Vayalvarathu Veedu
Birth Place -
Chempazhanthy (Thiruvananthapuram)
Father- Madan Assan
Mother - Kuttiyamma
Wife -
Kaliyamma
Other Names Nanu Asan & Gurudevan
(Renaissance Leader )
"One Caste, One Religion, One God
for Man" are
mentioned in Jathimemamsa
Sree Narayana Guru Meeting
Persons- year and Place
Chattampi Swamikal – 1882 -Anniyoor
Temple
Kumaran Asan -1891- Kayikkara
Dr Palpu -1895 – Bangalore
Ayyan Kali – 1912 – Balaramapuram
Vagbhadananda – 1914 – Aluva
Ramana Maharishi in 1916
(Thiruvannamalai)
Ravindra Nath Tagore -1922 – Sivagiri
Gandhiji – 1925 – Sivagiri
Srenarayan Guru’sEarly Guru – Muthuppilla
Sree Narayana Guru was the discipline of
Kunnampalli Raman Pillai Assan and Thycadu Ayya
HSST General Part-2022 Trial Notes Question Practice -Click Here
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