1)  What is the correct meaning of the following sentence?

A) The Principal was very angry with her.

B) The Principal was a rude person.

C) The Principal decided to give her maximum punishment.

D) The Principal did not like the book she was reading.

“To throw the book at someone” is an idiom meaning to punish someone harshly or to impose the maximum penalty allowed. So the sentence means the principal resolved to penalize her severely.

A describes an emotion (anger) which may accompany punishment but is not the idiom’s meaning.

B describes the principal’s personality — the idiom doesn’t say the person is rude.

D reads the phrase literally (about a physical book) — the idiom is figurative, not about disliking a book

Ans)  C) The Principal decided to give her maximum punishment.


2)  Match the following Environment Protection Movements in India in List I with their main proponents in List II:

 List I                                                                    List II

a. Chipko Movement                                           i. S.P. Udayakumar

b. Navdanya Movement                                      ii. Pandurang Hegde

c. Narmada Bachao Andolan                               iii. Sunderlal Bahuguna

d. Appico Movement                                            iv. Chandi Prasad Bhatt

e. People’s Movement Against Nuclear Energy  v. Vandana Shiva

                                                                              vi. Teesta Setalvad

A) a-iv, b-v, c-iii, d-ii, e-i

B) a-iii, b-v, c-vi, d-i, e-ii

C) a-iv, b-i, c-iii, d-ii, e-v

D) a-v, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii, e-i

a → iv (Chipko Movement — Chandi Prasad Bhatt).

Chandi Prasad Bhatt was a pioneer and founder of the grassroots organisation that launched the Chipko movement in the Himalaya region. 

b → v (Navdanya Movement — Vandana Shiva).

Vandana Shiva founded the Navdanya movement/seed-conservation network (Navdanya), promoting biodiversity, seed saving and organic farming. 

c → iii (Narmada Bachao Andolan — Sunderlal Bahuguna in this matching).

 the best-known leader most often associated with the Narmada Bachao Andolan is Medha Patkar (she is the primary founder/face of NBA). since Medha Patkar is not in List II, the exam key matches the Narmada struggle here to Sunderlal Bahuguna (an eminent environmental activist who participated in major anti-dam and forest campaigns). (Sunderlal Bahuguna is widely recognised as a leading Chipko activist and an environmental campaigner who also supported anti-dam protests.) 

d → ii (Appico/Appiko Movement — Pandurang Hegde).

Pandurang (Panduranga) Hegde is credited with starting the Appiko movement in Karnataka, modelled on the Chipko idea. 

e → i (People’s Movement Against Nuclear Energy — S. P. Udayakumar).

S. P. Udayakumar is the founder/convener of the People’s Movement Against Nuclear Energy (PMANE), the anti-Kudankulam nuclear movement.

Ans) A) a-iv, b-v, c-iii, d-ii, e-i