1)   Several responses to an event are possible, those that lead to reward tend to become more strongly associated with the event, while those that lead to punishment become more weakly associated. This law is:

A) Law of Use

B) Law of response by analogy

C) Law of multiple response

D) Law of effect

Law of Effect (Thorndike): Responses followed by satisfying consequences are stamped in (strengthened); those followed by annoying/negative consequences are stamped out (weakened).

Law of Use: Associations strengthen with practice, not consequences.

Law of Multiple Response: An organism may try several responses until one works.

Response by Analogy: Using a response from a similar situation.

Only the Law of Effect directly states strengthening with reward and weakening with punishment.

Ans)  D) Law of effect


2)  Match the following:

List I                                                  List II

a. Life Space                                      Piaget

b. Information processing                Passi

c. Creativity                                       Ebbinghaus

d. Animism                                         Lewin


A) a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4

B) a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1

C) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1

D) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3

Life Space → Lewin (4): From Kurt Lewin’s field theory—behavior is a function of the person and their “life space.”

Information processing → Ebbinghaus (3): Hermann Ebbinghaus’s classic memory research (forgetting/savings curves) underpins the information-processing view of memory.

Creativity → Passi (2): B. K. Passi developed tools/scales for measuring creativity (e.g., Passi Test of Creativity).

Animism → Piaget (1): In Piaget’s preoperational stage, children attribute life to inanimate objects (animism).

Ans)  B) a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1